RabbitMQ通用unix二进制安装

RabbitMQ安装|RabbitMQ通用unix二进制安装

yzx 收录于类别 RabbitMQ 中间件

2025年05月19日约 1128 字预计阅读 3 分钟

RabbitMQ通用unix安装

RabbitMQ 版本下载列表

RabbitMQ 版本与 Erlang/OTP 兼容矩阵链接

RabbitMQ 版本列表

1 Erlang/OTP 安装

Erlang/OTP 下载网页链接

本次示例安装 RabbitMQ v3.13.6 版本二进制安装，Erlang/OTP 26.2.5.2 源码下载链接,若是 github 下载过慢，可以使用 Github 代理加速下载。

1.1 Erlang/OTP 下载

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wget https://gitproxy.click/https://github.com/erlang/otp/releases/download/OTP-26.2.5.2/otp_src_26.2.5.2.tar.gz

# 解压并进入 otp 源码目录
tar -zxf otp_src_26.2.5.2.tar.gz
cd otp_src_26.2.5.2

1.2 安装编译依赖

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yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make epel-release
yum install -y ncurses-devel openssl-devel unixODBC-devel wxGTK3-devel libxslt fop autoconf

1.3 配置编译选项

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./configure \
  --prefix=/usr/local/erlang \
  --enable-threads \
  --enable-smp-support \
  --enable-kernel-poll \
  --enable-hipe \
  --with-ssl \
  --without-javac \
  --enable-dirty-schedulers \
  --enable-dynamic-ssl-lib

关键选项说明：

--prefix：指定安装路径
--with-ssl：启用 SSL 支持（RabbitMQ 必需）
--enable-kernel-poll：提升网络性能
--without-javac：跳过 Java 编译（减少依赖）

1.4 编译并安装

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# 使用所有 CPU 核心加速编译
make -j$(nproc)
make install

1.5 配置环境变量

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echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/erlang/bin' | tee /etc/profile.d/erlang.sh
source /etc/profile.d/erlang.sh

验证安装：

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erl -version
# Erlang (SMP,ASYNC_THREADS) (BEAM) emulator version 14.2.4

2 RabbitMQ 通用 Unix 包安装（推荐）

RabbitMQ 仍提供跨 Linux 发行版的 Generic UNIX 压缩包，适用于 CentOS 7。

RabbitMQ v3.13.6 各版本 github 下载链接

RabbitMQ v3.13.6 通用 unix 版本下载链接，若 github 下载过慢，可以通过 gitbub 代理加速下载。

2.1 下载 RabbitMQ 安装包

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wget https://gitproxy.click/https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.13.6/rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.13.6.tar.xz

# 解压到 /usr/local/ 目录
tar -Jxf rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.13.6.tar.xz -C /usr/local/
# 改名为 rabbitmq
mv /usr/local/rabbitmq_server-3.13.6/ /usr/local/rabbitmq

cd /usr/local/rabbitmq/

2.2 安装依赖

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yum install -y socat logrotate openssl

2.3 配置环境变量

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echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/rabbitmq/sbin' | sudo tee /etc/profile.d/rabbitmq.sh
source /etc/profile.d/rabbitmq.sh

2.3.1 创建专用用户和数据目录

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sudo useradd -r -d /var/lib/rabbitmq -s /bin/false rabbitmq
sudo mkdir -p /var/{lib,log,run}/rabbitmq
sudo chown -R rabbitmq:rabbitmq /var/{lib,log,run}/rabbitmq
sudo chown -R rabbitmq:rabbitmq /usr/local/rabbitmq

2.3.2 配置环境变量

创建配置文件 /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-env.conf：

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sudo mkdir -p /etc/rabbitmq

sudo tee /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-env.conf << EOF
RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit@$(hostname -s)
RABBITMQ_MNESIA_BASE=/var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia
RABBITMQ_LOG_BASE=/var/log/rabbitmq
RABBITMQ_PID_FILE=/var/run/rabbitmq/pid
RABBITMQ_CONFIG_FILE=/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf
ENABLED_PLUGINS_FILE=/etc/rabbitmq/enabled_plugins
EOF

2.3.3 高级配置

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sudo tee /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf << EOF
# 监听地址和端口
listeners.tcp.default = 5672

# 管理界面配置
management.tcp.port = 15672
management.tcp.ip = 0.0.0.0

# 禁用 guest 用户远程访问（生产环境建议）
loopback_users.guest = false

# 内存和磁盘警告阈值
vm_memory_high_watermark.relative = 0.6
disk_free_limit.absolute = 2GB
EOF

2.4 配置 systemed 服务

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sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=RabbitMQ Generic UNIX Service V3.13.6
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
User=rabbitmq
Group=rabbitmq
UMask=0027
LimitNOFILE=65536
Environment="PATH=/usr/local/erlang/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin"
Environment="HOME=/var/lib/rabbitmq"
Environment="RABBITMQ_MNESIA_BASE=/var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia"
Environment="RABBITMQ_LOG_BASE=/var/log/rabbitmq"
Environment="RABBITMQ_PID_FILE=/var/run/rabbitmq/pid"
Environment="RABBITMQ_CONFIG_FILE=/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf"
Environment="RABBITMQ_CONF_ENV_FILE=/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-env.conf"
ExecStart=/usr/local/rabbitmq/sbin/rabbitmq-server -detached
ExecStop=/usr/local/rabbitmq/sbin/rabbitmqctl stop
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

2.4.1 重载 systemd 并启动服务

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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server
sudo systemctl enable rabbitmq-server

2.4.2 日志轮转

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sudo tee /etc/logrotate.d/rabbitmq << EOF
/var/log/rabbitmq/*.log {
    daily
    rotate 7
    missingok
    notifempty
    compress
    delaycompress
    sharedscripts
    postrotate
        systemctl restart rabbitmq >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
    endscript
}
EOF

2.5 安装后需配置

2.5.1 创建管理员用户

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rabbitmqctl add_user admin yourpassword
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator
rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / admin ".*" ".*" ".*"

若是操作遇到如下问题：

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Error: unable to perform an operation on node 'rabbit@localhost'. Please see diagnostics information and suggestions below.

DIAGNOSTICS
===========

attempted to contact: [rabbit@localhost]

rabbit@localhost:
  * connected to epmd (port 4369) on localhost
  * epmd reports: node 'rabbit' not running at all
                  no other nodes on localhost
  * suggestion: start the node

Current node details:
 * node name: 'rabbitmqcli-509-rabbit@localhost'
 * effective user's home directory: /var/lib/rabbitmq
 * Erlang cookie hash: 3mVoEeREVMiFlXrG74TIaQ==

执行如下命令：

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# 停止 RabbitMQ 服务
sudo systemctl stop rabbitmq-server

# 清除旧有 Mnesia 数据库
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/
sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server

# 修改 cookie（所有集群节点必须相同）
sudo openssl rand -base64 32 | tr -dc 'a-zA-Z0-9' > /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie
sudo chown rabbitmq:rabbitmq /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie
sudo chmod 600 /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie

# 启动 RabbitMQ
sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server

或者在家目录更新 cookie 值

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cat /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie > .erlang.cookie

2.5.2 启用管理插件

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rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

2.5.3 启用防火墙

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sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port={5672,15672}/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

2.5.4 浏览器访问

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http://10.10.10.90:15672

目录